At the heart of the litigation is a regulatory action from 2017, when European Commission enforcers hit Google with a €2.42 billion penalty after determining that the company had exploited its commanding position in search to steer users toward its own shopping comparison product at rivals' expense. That penalty was confirmed by the E.U.'s top tribunal in 2024, a development that cleared the way for damages claims such as PriceRunner's to move forward in national courts without plaintiffs needing to re-establish the underlying breach, according to Bloomberg. Separately, Google was hit with a €573 million damages order by a Berlin court on behalf of two German price-comparison operators, a verdict it has also contested on appeal, Bloomberg reported.