Since then, a transition to stable governance has been rocky at best. There is currently a controversial Transitional Military Council (TMC) in place for two years while protesters remain steadfast in demanding civilian rule.

While the situation on the ground continues to develop, foreign policy entanglements have been uncovered. The UAE and Saudi Arabia, as well as Egypt, have strengthened their role in Sudan politics by way of the new TMC, raising suspicions of their role in this year’s events. Meanwhile, the US State Department confirmed it asked Saudi Arabia to request the TMC to refrain from a military crackdown on protests. There were mixed reports the army held back on Monday.

This leads to the suspects behind Monday’s crackdown: the Rapid Support Forces paramilitary headed by Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, also known as Hemeti, who gained notoriety for leading the Janjaweed militia in the Darfur conflict. And he sits on the TMC as a deputy head under the interim president Abdel Fattah al-Burhan. The two have reportedly been in talks with Arab countries since joining the transitional council.

Despite the mounting deaths, the opposition issued calls to return to the streets almost immediately after the attack, and have continued well into Thursday.

The TMC offered to restart transition talks—after briefly canceling all negotiations after the violence—including a new offer to hold elections within nine months. Opposition groups have strongly declined, leading to the future of Sudan as contested and unclear more than ever.

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